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Emmonsia parva
''Emmonsia parva'' (formerly ''Chrysosporium parvum'') is a filamentous, saprotrophic fungus and one of three species within the genus ''Emmonsia''.〔〔 The fungus is most known for its causal association with the lung disease, adiaspiromycosis〔 which occurs most commonly in small mammals but is also seen in humans.〔 The disease was first described from rodents in Arizona,〔 and the first human case was reported in France in 1964.〔 Since then, the disease has been reported from Honduras, Brazil, the Czech Republic, Russia, the United States of America and Guatemala.〔 Infections in general are quite rare, especially in humans.〔
==Ecology==
''Emmonsia parva'', ''E. crescens'', and ''E. pasteuriana'' together comprise the genus ''Emmonsia'',〔 however they exhibit different ecological characteristics. Whereas ''E. crescens'' is found worldwide, ''E. parva'' is restricted to areas in North and South America, Eastern Europe, Australia and regions in Asia.〔 The fungus is primarily a saprotroph, deriving its nutrition from dead material.〔 It is also soil-dwelling where it release spores into the air.〔 Because of this the main targets of infection are small burrowing mammals such as rodents, although infection of larger mammals such as humans has been documented. Some of the known animal species that it can infect include the beaver, mink, weasel, wood rat, pine marten, pine squirrel, cottontail rabbit, muskrat, skunk, white-tailed mouse and the rock rabbit.〔 The fungus is closely related to the genus ''Blastomyces''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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